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''Mammillaria spinosissima'' (), also known as spiny pincushion cactus, is a type of cactus endemic to the central Mexican states of Guerrero and Morelos, where they grow at elevations of approximately . The species was described in 1838 by James Forbes, gardener of the Duke of Bedford. Botanist David Hunt collected a specimen in 1971, when he located one near Sierra de Tepoztlan, Mexico. The cylindrical and elongated plants grow up to tall and wide. They reach full height after five to ten years. The spines are red-brown or white, with cream-colored radials and pink, funnel-shaped flowers that grow in a ring around the apex of the stem to approximately long. It grows low to the ground in solitary or in clusters, and its flowers produce generally bright red berries that are club-shaped, smooth, and juicy. ''M. spinosissima'' thrive in well-drained soils that are sandy or loam, with a pH ranging from acidic to neutral. They prefer low humidity and full, filtered sun. Plants are typically watered once every two or three weeks, and kept nearly dry during the winter months. They require no pruning and make good patio and container plants. They are relatively disease resistant, but susceptible to pests such as mealworms. Synonyms of ''M. spinosissima'' include ''Mammillaria centraliplumosa'', ''Mammillaria haasii'', and ''Mammillaria virginis''. ==Taxonomy== Carl Linnaeus designated ''Mammillaria'' as a type genus for cactus in 1753. In 1838, James Forbes, gardener of the Duke of Bedford, listed and described a species he called ''Echinocactus spinosissimas'' from a group of cacti he had acquired in Europe three years earlier. Nathaniel Lord Britton and Joseph Nelson Rose believe that Forbes was given that name by Ludwig Karl Georg Pfeiffer, but the plant was actually ''Mammillaria spinosissima''. Pfeiffer had published the first infrageneric division of ''Mammillaria'' in 1837, dividing the genus into two groups based on distinct spine characteristics. In 1845, Joseph zu Salm-Reifferscheidt-Dyck – based on work by Frederick Scheer – expanded the classification into eight groups. With at least 145 recognized species, it is one of the largest and most morphologically variable genera in the cactus family. Others estimate there are as many as two hundred species of ''Mammillaria'', including sixty-two cultivated species from India. Though larger, the ''Opuntia'' genera is less popular with gardeners and landscapers. ''Mammillaria'' was previously thought to be monophyletic, but phylogenic analysis indicates that ''Mammilloydia'' is "embedded within a 'core' group of ''Mammillaria'' species." A specimen of ''Mammillaria spinosissima'' was collected by Botanist David Hunt in September 1971, when he located one in Mexico, near the Morelos Cautla-Cuernavaca toll road in Sierra de Tepoztlan, at an altitude of . 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mammillaria spinosissima」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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